Project Management (项目管理) （五）

3 Execution Phase（执行阶段）
The project execution phase (also called the "delivery phase") is the third phase in the project life cycle. In this phase, the physical project deliverables are built and presented to customers for signoff. This phase is usually the longest phase in the project life cycle and it typically consumes the most energy and the most resources.
项目的计划之后需要进行的就是项目的执行，这一步骤在整个项目管理中起着至关重要的作用，他是项目周期的第三个阶段，一般这个阶段是周期里时间至长也是至耗费精力、物力、人力和财力的。

3.1 Project Team Responsibilities（团队工作职责）

• Team members execute the tasks as planned by the project manager.
• The project manager is responsible for performance measurement, which includes finding variances between planned and actual work, cost and schedule; provides Project Status Report to all key stakeholders in order to provide visibility.--fxgr--
• All project key stakeholders are responsible for the review of the metrics and variances and taking necessary action of the variances thus determined so as to complete the project within time and budget.

团队成员需要分工明确，根据项目总经理的安排进行执行，所有的工作和进度都需要对负责人进行总结汇报，公司的利益相关人员也有职责去对项目进行监督和管理，以便项目倒计时按照既定的时间和预算成本顺利完成。

3.2 Basic Processes and Facilitating Processes（基本流程和促进流程的必要方法）

基本流程包括计划、监督衡量、更改项目管理流程；促进流程包括质量保证和控制、项目监管、风险把控、成本控制等等。

3.3 Project Gateways（项目监督审核）

A gateway is a project review point at which certain criteria must be met before for the project can pass through the gateway and proceed to the next stage.

The purpose of a gateway review is to:

ü  help increase the chances of the successful delivery of a project;

ü  allow the project to address issues that may affect the expected benefits;

ü  allow the project to change course if this allows the objectives to be better served in light of new information;

ü  provide evidence to stop a project that is poorly aligned with business objectives; and

ü  provide assurance to benefit owners that an independent assessment of the project is taking place.

The spirit of the review process is to be supportive and forward looking.

项目关口的意思就是对项目进行把控，来确定项目是否合格过关。

3.4 Progress Report（项目进程报告）

Progress reporting is a key element of project management. Reports should be issued by the project manager and circulated to the stakeholders on a regular basis. The following people must be included on the circulation list: project sponsor; budget holder; senior user(s); and team members.

The report should be kept brief and sum the key points in the project.

A progress report should report progress towards milestones (i.e. major events such as completion of a major deliverable) and indicate where slippage has occurred (e.g. through variance analysis when actual progress is behind planned progress).

项目的进程报告需要按照一些必要内容进行汇报：项目赞助商，出资人，用户和团队成员。按照以上九点进行报告是至完成且有效的。