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在ACCA F6中国税法的学习中,同学们常遇到困惑,老师特地为大家总结了一些常见问题,便于大家理解和思考:
1.
Calculation of the tax liability for after-tax employment income
When an employer bears IIT for an employee, an individual receives net-of-tax wages and salaries. The after-tax income obtained by personal taxpayer shall be converted into before-tax income and shall be liable to IIT.
The calculation formula is as follows:
Taxable income = (after-tax employment income -standard expense deduction - quick deduction factor)/(1-tax rate)
Note: The tax rate means the rate applicable to the after- tax bracket.
Tax liability = taxable income × applicable tax rate- quick deduction factor
Note: The applicable tax rate means the rate for before-tax bracket.
学员提问:
烦请老师举例解释这个知识点。
老师解答:
例如个人取得不含税工资5000元,5000-3500=1500。
查不含税工资税率表,税率10%,速算扣除数105。
套公式(5000-3500-105)/(1-10%)计算出应纳税所得额为1550。
查正常的税率表税率10%,速算扣除105,计算税额1550*10%-105=50(元)
2.
Tax treatment for annual lump sum bonus when the employer bears income tax
★General calculation steps:
●Annual lump sum bonus divided by 12, use quotient to determine applicable tax rate A and quick deduction factor A;
●Annual lump sum bonus before tax=(annual lump sum bonus after tax- quick deduction factor A)/ (1-tax rate A);
●Annual lump sum bonus before tax divided by 12, use quotient to determine applicable tax rate B and quick deduction factor B;
●Tax payable = annual lump sum bonus before-tax ×applicable tax rate B - quick deduction factor B.
学员提问:
此处雇主承担年终奖所得税,烦请老师举例解释。
老师解答:
张某2014年年末取得不含税全年一次性奖金60000元,雇主为张某定率负担全部个税,张某每月工资为5000元,张某年终奖自己实际负担的税额为( )元。
【答案】 60000÷12=5000(元),对应的税率是20%,速算扣除数是555。
应纳税所得额=(60000-555)÷(1-20%)=74306.25(元)
74306.25÷12=6192.19(元),适用税率20%,速算扣除数555。
应纳税额=74306.25×20%-555=14306.25(元)
3.
★If current monthly wages are lower than monthly personal allowance, giving rise to a difference, the annual lump sum bonus shall first deduct the difference, thereafter use the above rules for calculation of IIT.
★The taxes borne by the employer are part of individual wages. So, this amount, if recorded as company administration cost, cannot be deducted from taxable income while calculating enterprise income tax.
学员提问:
此处IF current monthly wages are lower than monthly person allowance,求与前一问联系在一起的例子。
老师解答:
接上例,如果当月工资为3000元。
(60000-500)÷12=4958.33(元),对应的税率是20%,速算扣除数是555。
应纳税所得额=(60000-500-555)÷(1-20%)=73681.25(元)
73681.25÷12=6140.1(元),适用税率20%,速算扣除数555。
应纳税额=73681.25×20%-555=14181.25(元)
4.
学员提问:
雇主承担个人年终奖的个税部分,除了计入到管理费用,还可以计入到其他科目吗?
老师解答:
这个税法不做规定,计入营业外支出也可以。只是计入管理费用比较隐蔽。
5.
学员提问:
请老师讲解奖金的重要知识点。
老师解答:
纳税人取得全年一次性奖金,单独作为1个月工资、薪金所得计算纳税。
雇主为雇员承担全年一次性奖金:
根据《国家税务总局关于印发的通知》(国税发〔1994〕89号)第十四条的规定,不含税全年一次性奖金换算为含税奖金计征个人所得税的具体方法为:
①按照不含税的全年一次性奖金收入除以12的商数,查找相应适用税率A 和速算扣除数A;
②含税的全年一次性奖金收入=(不含税的全年一次性奖金收入-速算扣除数A)÷(1-适用税率A);
③按含税的全年一次性奖金收入除以12的商数,重新查找适用税率B和速算扣除数B;
④应纳税额=含税的全年一次性奖金收入×适用税率B-速算扣除数B。
如果纳税人取得不含税全年一次性奖金收入的当月工资薪金所得,低于税法规定的费用扣除额,应先将不含税全年一次性奖金减去当月工资薪金所得低于税法规定费用扣除额的差额部分后,再按照上述规定处理。
雇主为雇员负担的个人所得税款,应属于个人工资薪金的一部分。
凡单独作为企业管理费列支的, 在计算企业所得税时不得税前扣除。
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