F6 UK 常见问题解析（二）

3. Income tax，corporation tax 和 capital gain，这三个发生loss的时候可以carry forward和back多久，先本年还是先以前年度？

【答复】

Income tax:

Trading losses may be relieved against future profits of the same trade,against general income and against capital gains.

Trading losses may be relieved against future profits of the same trade. The relief is against the first avaliable profits of the same trade.

A trading loss may be set against general income in the year of the loss and/or the preceding year. Personal allowances may be lost as a result of the claim. Once a claim has been made in any year, the remaining loss can be set against net chargeable gains.

Loss relief cannot be claimed against general income unless the loss-making business is conducted on a commercial basis.

In opening years, a special relief involving the carry back of loss against general income is avaliable. Losses arising in the first four tax years of a trade may be set against general income in the three years preceding the loss making year, taking the earliest year first.

On the cessation of trade, a loss arising in the last 12 months of trading may be set against trade profits of the tax year of cessation and the previous three years, taking the latest year first.

Corporation tax:

Trading losses may be relieved by deduction from current total profits, from total profits of earlier periods or from future trading income.

Trading losses carried forward can only be deducted from future trading profits arising from the same trade.

Trading losses in the last 12 months of trading can be carried back and deducted from total profits of the previous three years.

Capital loss:

Capital losses can only be set against capital gains in the current and future accounting periods.