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"quantity"exercise:Hypothesis Testing

来源: 正保会计网校 编辑:小鞠橘桔 2020/10/23 11:32:14 字体:

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Questions 1:

If a paired comparison test of mean differences supports rejecting the null hypothesis, then the:

A 、independence of the samples is statistically significant.

B 、standard error of the mean differences is low relative to the sample mean difference.

C、 difference in means is not statistically significant.

Questions 2:

A tree diagram is most likely used when dealing with investment problems that involve outcomes that are:

A、 independent at each node.

B 、mutually exclusive.

C、 unconditional at each node.

View answer resolution
【Answer to question 1】B

【analysis】

B is correct. According to the test statistic,

quantity exercise:Hypothesis Testing

the lower the standard error in the denominator, the higher the value of the t-statistic. The t-statistic calculation includes the sample mean difference in the numerator. Therefore, a lower standard error (denominator) relative to the sample mean difference (numerator) results in a higher t-statistic value. 

A is incorrect because a paired comparison test is used to test mean differences when we believe that the samples are dependent; it is not used to test whether samples are dependent or independent. 

C is incorrect because if the null hypothesis is rejected, the evidence is statistically significant

【Answer to question 2】B

【analysis】

B is correct. The following figure depicts an example of a tree diagram: 

quantity exercise:Hypothesis Testing

 A tree diagram is a diagram with branches emanating from nodes representing either mutually exclusive outcomes or mutually exclusive decisions. Mutually exclusive outcomes are dependent (the occurrence of one outcome does affect the probability of occurrence of the other outcome). In addition, outcomes at each node are conditional (the probability of an outcome is conditioned on another outcome). 

A is incorrect. Two outcomes are independent if the occurrence of one outcome does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other outcome. At each node of a tree diagram, the two outcomes that follow are dependent because the probability on the outcome on one branch is related to the probability of the outcome on the other branch.

C is incorrect. Outcomes are unconditional when the probability of an outcome is not conditioned on another outcome. In a tree diagram, outcomes at each node are conditional (the probability of an outcome is conditioned on another outcome).

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