2007年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷

英　语（卫生类C级）

　　第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1.At midnight,we were aroused by a knock at the door.

　　A.irritated　B.awakened　C.arisen　D.annoyed

　　2.She was awarded a prize for the film.

　　A.given　B.rewarded　C.sent　D.reminded

　　3.Smoking will be banned in all public places here.

　　A.forbidden　B.allowed　C.permitted　D.promoted

　　4.That guy is intelligeng but a bit dull.

　　A.strange　B.special　C.quiet　D.boring

　　5.She is a highly successful teacher.

　　A.fairly　B.rather　C.very　D.moderately

　　6.We should not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth.

　　A.reduce　B.promote　C.realize　D.give

　　7.There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor.

　　A.conflict　B.tension　C.gulf　D.confrontation

　　8.I am very grateful to you for your assistance.

　　A.helpful　B.hopeful　C.pitiful　D.thankful

　　9.You will be meeting her presently.

　　A.shortly　B.currently　C.lately　D.probably

　　10.Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years.

　　A.displayed　B.shown　C.changed　D.demonstrated

　　11.I have been trying to guit smoking.

　　A.give up　B.pick up　C.build up　D.take up

　　12.Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.

　　A.moved　B.touched　C.surprised　D.worried

　　13.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.

　　A.question　B.problem　C.title　D.topic

　　14.This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language.

　　A.particular　B.characteristic　C.remarkable　D.idiomatic

　　15.It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.

　　A.simply　B.almost　C.totally　D.completely

　　第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，第题1分，共7分）
　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.

Want to Be 100?Listen to These 5 Centenarians（百岁老人）

　　Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians get asked all the time:"How did you live to be 100?"

　　If you want to live to 100 or more,this rare group of five golden girls says the key to longevity（长寿）is working hard at a job you love and taking care of your body while you're at it.

　　Even though an estimated 70,000 people in the country are currently at the century mark or beyond in age,it is unusual to find five 100-year-olds living in one place.

　　The average life-span（寿命）of Americans is about two or three years short of an 80th birthday party.And most people don't want to cut out coffee,soda,alcohol,cigarettes,and eat healthy food.

　　"People tell me all the time,'I don't want to live to be 100,'"said Mildred Leaver,who turned 100 in June.

　　"I think that's just sad.Aging is attitude and I don't feel old,"said Leaver,a former educator who still drives her Buick around town.

　　It doesn't take long to see that Leaver and her neighbors Mildred Harris,Grace Wolfson,Gladys Stuart and Viola Semas,have a lot more in common than their longevity and lifelong healthy habits.All are 100 except Stuart,who is 101.

　　Even though their sight and hearing aren't what they used to be,they've all avoided illnesses that many elderly people are stricken with.It's been 50 years since Leaver beat cancer for the first and only time.

　　The common thread that connects these women is the decades of service to jobs each loved as a farmer,designer,school principal,bookkeeper and secretary.In the early years of their lives,gainfully employed women like them were just as rare as 100-year-olds are today.

　　16.Currently about 70,000 people are aged 100 or above in America.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　17.It is not hard to find five 100-year-olds living in one place in America.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　18.None of the five centenarians have any children.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　19.The average life-span of Americans is 80 years.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　20.Leaver feels sad about her old age.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　21.Leaver was stricken with cancer 50 years age.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　22.The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.
　　A.Right　　B.Wrong　　C.Not mentioned

　　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Clinical Trials

　　1Many clinical trials are done to see if a new drug or device is safe and effective for people to use.Sometimes clinical trials are used to study different ways to use the standard treatments so they will be more effective,easier to use,and/or decrease side effects.Sometimes,studies are done to learn how to best use the treatment in a different population,such as children,in whom the treatment was not previously tested.

　　2It is important to test drugs and medical products in the people they are meant to help.It is also important to conduct research in a variety of people because different people may respond differently to treatments.Some people participate in clinical trials because they have exhausted standard treatment options.Other people participate in trials because they want to contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge.

　　3The FDA（食品及药物管理局）works to protect participants in clinical trials and to ensure that people have reliable information as they decide whether to join a clinical trial.Although efforts are made to control the risks to clinical trical participants,some risks may be unavoidable because of the uncertainty inherent（内在的）in medical research studies involving new medical treatments.

　　4People should learn as much as possible about the clinical trials that interest them.They should also feel comfortable discussing their questions and concerns with members of the health care team.Prospective（预期的）participants should understand what happens during the trial,the type of health care they will receive,and any costs to them.Anyone considering a clinical trial should also know that there are benefits and risks associated with participating.

　　23.Paragraph 1　　　　　.
　　24.Paragraph 2　　　　　.
　　25.Paragraph 3　　　　　.
　　26.Paragraph 4　　　　　.
　　A　Why are clinical trials done?
　　B　Where are clinical trials conducted?
　　C　Who should consider clinical trials and why?
　　D　What should people know before participating in a clinical trial?
　　E　What are clinical trials?
　　F　Are clinical trials safe?

　　27.New drugs or devices must be tested before being used.
　　28.Clinical trials provide the only hope.
　　29.Reliable information should be available to.
　　30.Learn as much as you can about a clinical trial.
　　A　for some patients
　　B　before participation
　　C　in humans
　　D　medical knowledge
　　E　during the trial
　　F　candidates for clinical trials

　　第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

Heat and Health

　　Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems-and death.

　　Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year-the unusually hot summer of 1980-heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city-Chicago.

　　To measure extreme heat,govemment weather experts have developed the  Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.

　　The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.Usually,it also is the least severe.For most peoople,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people,however,the result is much more serious.

　　For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather.

　　31.How many people died from heat in Chicago in 1995?
　　A.About 1700.
　　B.Nearly 1900.
　　C.Around 1100.
　　D.Over 600.

　　32.What can people learn from the Mean Heat Index?
　　A.The average temperature of an extremely hot day.
　　B.The highest temperature of an extremely hot day.
　　C.The lowest temperature of an extremely hot day.
　　D.The nighttime temperature of an extremely hot day.

　　33.A heat wave is a period of time during which
　　A.the weather is much better than usual.
　　B.the nights are much longer than usual.
　　C.the weather is much hotter than usual.
　　D.the days are much longer than usual.

　　34.Muscle pain in hot weather means that your body needs
　　A.more exercise.
　　B.more water.
　　C.less oxygen.
　　D.less sugar.

　　35.For people who are in extremely poor health,heat can be
　　A.deadly.
　　B.painful.
　　C.helpful.
　　D.stressful.

　　第二篇

Good Table Manners

　　Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table.Here are some general rules:

　　Napkin（餐巾）use

　　The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin.This is your signal to do the same,so place your napkin on your lap.Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin,or in half,lengthwise（纵向地）,if it is a large dinner napkin.

　　If you need to leave the table during the meal,place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning.Once the meal is over,place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate.Do not refold it.

　　Use a napkin only for your mouth.Never use it for your nose,face or forehead.

　　Use of utensils（餐具）

　　Start with the knife,fork or spoon furthest from your plate,and work your way in,using one utensil for each course.

　　If soup is served,remember to spoon away from yoursefl.This helps stop the drips.Do not put the entire soup spoon in your mouth.Instead,fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup,and sip（啜饮）it from the side noiselessly.

　　After finishing dinner,place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife alade facing inward toward the plate.

　　Using your fingers

　　Here's a list of finger foods:sandwiches,cookies,small fruits or berries with stems,French fries and potato chips,and hamburgers.

　　Chew（咀嚼）with your mouth closed and don't make noise;don't talk with your mouth full.

　　Bread must be broken with your hands.It is never cut with a knife.

　　Don't pick something out of your teeth.Instead,excuse yourself to the bathroom.

　　If possible,try not to cough at the table.

　　Do not put your elbows（肘）on the table.In France,it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time.

　　Do not put bones or anything else on the table.Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.

　　36.Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal?
　　A.On your chair.
　　B.On the table.
　　C.On your lap.
　　D.On your plate.

　　37.The napkin is used only for
　　A.your forehead.
　　B.your mouth.
　　C.your nose.
　　D.your face.

　　38.Which utensil is used first?
　　A.The knife.
　　B.The fork.
　　C.The spoon.
　　D.The one farthest from the plate.

　　39.All of the following are finger foods except
　　A.soup.
　　B.sandwiches.
　　C.cookies.
　　D.hamburgers.

　　40.Which of the following shows good table manners?
　　A.Talking with your mouth full.
　　B.Putting bones on your plate.
　　C.Putting your elbows on the table.
　　D.Chewing with your month open.

　　第三篇

Wayne Beno

　　Wayne Beno was a true outdoorsman.Fishing,boating,hunting,walking through the woods with his three dogs,Wayne loved and did it all.Then life changed dramatically.Wayne was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease（帕金森氏病）.

　　"For the next thirteen years I took 28 pills a day,had horrible side effects,and even with all those pills I still had lots of shaking and tremors（颤抖）.I only went out during peak times,when I was looking and feeling my best.But that wasn't often and I really couldn't do much of anything.I felt like the life I loved was over,"said Wayne.

　　Then Wayne's doctor in Green Bay suggested he consider a breakthrough surgical option being offered at Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin called Deep Brain Stimulation（刺激）（DBS）.DBS is a surgical option used to treat disabling movement disorders related to Parkinson's disease,essential tremor and more.It is not a cure,but significant improvement is seen in most movement disorder cases,with relatively low risk to the patient.

　　In addition to his doctor's recommendation,Wayne had a neighbor and fishing friend who had the DBS procedure at Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin.His friend's experience convinced Wayne that the 180-mile trip from his home in Crivitz,Wisconsin could be well worth the effort.

　　And was it ever.

　　"It was the best thing I ever did.I'm down to zero pills a day and I don't shake at all,"reports Wayne."Before the surgery,I felt bad every single day.Now I feel like my old self.I'm back to business as usual,which for me means fishing,fishing,and more fishing,every day of the year.Things just couldn't be any better!"

　　41.Before getting Parkinson's disease,Wayne loved
　　A.social activities.
　　B.outdoor activities.
　　C.productive activities.
　　D.quiet activities.

　　42.What was true of the pills Wayne took for 13 years?
　　A.They cured his disease.
　　B.They produced terrible side effects.
　　C.They stopped his shaking and tremors.
　　D.They enabled him to go out as often as before.

　　43.Deep Brain Stimulation is most effective for
　　A.mental disorders.
　　B.chronic diseases.
　　C.permanent brain injuries.
　　D.disabling movement disorders.

　　44.Wayne had a neighbor and fishing friend who
　　A.worked as a doctor.
　　B.was against the DBS procedure.
　　C.benefited from the DBS procedure.
　　D.was a victim of the DBS procedure.

　　45.After the surgery,Wayne felt
　　A.completely recovered.
　　B.bad every single day.
　　C.pain every now and then.
　　D.worse than before the surgery.

　　第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）
　　下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Farmers' Markets

　　Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle.The 23-year-old British farmer and her 21-year-old brother Ben are fighting to save the farm from developers that their father worked on since he was 14.（46）

　　"You don't often get a day off.Supermarkets put a lot of pressure on farmers to keep prices down.With fewer people working on fams it can be isolating,"she said."There is a high rate of suicide and farming will never make you rich!"

　　Oliver Robinson,25,grew up on a farm in Yorkshire.（47）"I'm sure dad hoped I'd stay,"he said."I guess it's a nice,straightforward life,but it doesn't appeal.For young,ambitious people,farm life would be a hard world."For Robinson,farming doesn't offer much"in terms of money or lifestyle."Hollins agrees that economics stops people from pursuing farming rewards:"providing for a vital human need,while working outdoors with nature."

　　Farming is a big political issue in the UK.（48）The 2001 foot and mouth crisis closed thousands of farms,stopped meat exports,and raised public consciousness of troubles in UK farming.

　　Jamie Oliver's 2005 campaign to get children to eat healthily also highlighted the issue.This national concern spells（带来）hope for farmers competing with  powerful supermarkets.（49）

　　"I started going to Farmers' Markets in direct defiance（蔑视）of the big supermarkets.（50）It's terrible,"said Londoner Michael Samson.

　　ABut he never considered staying on his father and grandfather's land.

　　BWhile most people buy food from the big supermarkets,hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular.

　　CWhile confident they will succeed,she lists farming's many challenges:

　　DYoung people prefer to live in cities.

　　EI seriously objected to the super-sizing of everything-what exactly DO they put on our apples to make them so big and red?

　　F"Buy British"campaigns urge（鼓励）consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.

　　第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）
　　下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Health Insurance（保险）

　　Most Americans are responsible for their own medical costs.These can be extremely high if a person gets very（51）or has an accident.So people buy a health insurance plan to make sure these costs will be（52）.

　　Most American colleges and universities have（53）health centers.There may even be a teaching hospital that can treat more serious（54）.

　　Some medical services may be included in the cost of attending a school.But health insurance is usually needed for extra services.（55）most full-time college students must have insurance.

　　Students may already be protected under their family's health plan.If not,many colleges offer（56）own plans.

　　The University of Michigan will be our example.Students pay a health service fee.Then there is no extra charge when they are treated for minor（57）problems at the University Health Center.But the school wants students to have health insurance to pay（58）other services.

　　The insurance plan（59）by the university costs about one thousand seven hundred dollars a year.Such health insurance（60）generally pay for hospital services,emergency room care and visits to doctors.They（61）do not pay for care of the teeth.And they usually do not pay for treatment of medical conditions that existed（62）the student arrived at school.

　　International students at the University of Michigan have two（63）.They can buy the university health plan.Or they can（64）private insurance that is approved by the university.

　　The school also offers a special International Student Insurance Plan.This pays for most of the services offered（65）the University Health Center that are not included in the health service fee.

　　51.A.rich　B.poor　C.sick　D.old
　　52.A.laid　B.paid　C.made　D.said
　　53.A.family　B.woman　C.man　D.student
　　54.A.services　B.problems　C.needs　D.solutions
　　55.A.So　B.But　C.Yet　D.Though
　　56.A.our　B.its　C.his　D.their
　　57.A.personal　B.medical　C.learning　D.travel
　　58.A.at　B.on　C.for　D.in
　　59.A.taken　B.taught　C.offered　D.accepted
　　60.A.dollars　B.centers　C.plans　D.schools
　　61.A.usually　B.luckily　C.suddenly　D.carelessly
　　62.A.after　B.if　C.before　D.since
　　63.A.choices　B.conditions　C.terms　D.cases
　　64.A.have　B.reject　C.invest　D.borrow
　　65.A.on　B.for　C.to　D.by