第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1．The company has the right to end his employment at any time．

　　A．provide

　　B．stop

　　C．offer

　　D．continue

　　2．In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy．

　　A．reduces

　　B．drops

　　C．leaves

　　D．changes

　　3． She gave up her job and started writing poetry．

　　A．abandoned

　　B．lost

　　C．took

　　D．created

　　4． We are happy to report that business is booming this year．

　　A．risky

　　B．successful

　　C．failing

　　D．open

　　5． We have been through some rough times together．

　　A．long

　　B．happy

　　C．difficult

　　D．short

　　6．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village．

　　A．found

　　B．killed

　　C．jailed

　　D．caught

　　7． What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

　　A．retirement

　　B．advertisement

　　C．replacement

　　D．advancement

　　8． I propose that we discuss this at the next meeting．

　　A．suggest

　　B．demand

　　C．order

　　D．request

　　9． Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract．

　　A．solve

　　B．avoid

　　C．mark

　　D．involve

　　10．Can you give a concrete example to support your idea?

　　A．specific

　　B．real

　　C．special

　　D．good

　　11．It was a fascinating pairing, with clever use of color and light．

　　A．large

　　B．wonderful

　　C．new

　　D．familiar

　　12．We have seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues．

　　A．quick

　　B．regular

　　C．clear

　　D．great

　　13．1 was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill．

　　A．excited

　　B．angry

　　C．lost

　　D．surprised

　　14．The police took fingerprints and identified the body．

　　A．recognized

　　B．missed

　　C．discovered

　　D．touched

　　15．If we lcave now, we should miss the traffic．

　　A．mix

　　B．stop

　　C．avoid

　　D．direct

　　第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题,每题1分，共7分)

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　A Great Quake Coming?

　　Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bav area．Theyhad keen devastating in 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28．000 buildings andkilled hundreds，perhaps thousands of people． Residents now wonder when the next"big one"willstrike．It's bound to happen someday．At least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the SanFrancisco area．Faults are places where pieces of earth's crust(地壳)slide past each other．Whenthese pieces slip，the ground shakes．

　　To prepare for that day。scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens. One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time．During small earthquakes，faults rupture at about 2．7 kilometersper second．During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometersper second．

　　At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself．Lucky for San Fancisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲) traveled alway from the city duffng the 1906 event．As bad as the damage was，it could have been farWorse．

　　Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur.Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906 event． Since then，the area has been relatively quiet．Pattems in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the bay area before 2032 is at least 62 percent．

　　New buildings in san Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes．Still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak．Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage．

　　People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty qmet for a while．Accoeding to the new research，however，it's not a matter of whether the big one will hit. It's just a matter of when．

　　16. The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentiond

　　17．The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history．

　　A．fight

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　18．The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3．5 kilometers per second

　　A．fight

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　19．Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906．

　　A．fight

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　20．San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　21．Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　22．A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentiond

　　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　Cell Phones

　　1． Believe it or not，cell phones have been around for over a quarter of a century．The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979．But cell phones have changeda lot since that time．The early cell phones were big and heavy but they have developed into smalland light palm-sized models．There have been huge developments in their functions，too．We havehad cell forwarding，text messaging，answering services and hands-free use for years，but now thereare countless new facilities，such as instant access to the internet and receiving and sending photos．

　　2． Cell phones have become very common in our lives；recent statistics suggest as many as one in three people on the planet now have a cell phone，and most of them say they couldn't live without one．Cell phones are used in every area of our lives and have become a necessary tool，usedfor essential arrangements，social contact and business．They have made it easier to call for help onthe highway．They have made it possible to keep in touch with people"on the move"when peopleare traveling．

　　3． Cell phones have made communication easier and have reduced the need for family argu ments．We can use cell phones to let our family know we'll be late or if there's a change of plan oran emergency．Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are outlate，they can now contact their children at any time．

　　4．This does not mean that cell phones are all good news．They have brought with them anumber of new headaches for their owners：it costs a lot to replace stolen phones，something that isbecoming a frequent occurrence，and have you ever seen such huge phone bills? More serious，however，is the potential health problem they bring：there are fears that radiation from the phones maycause brain tumor(肿瘤)。This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who havegrown up with cell phones that they simply can't live without．

　　23．Paragraph 1_________________

　　24．Paragraph 2_________________

　　25．Paragraph 3________________

　　26．Paragraph 4_________________

　　A．Cell phones and the family

　　B．Commercial cell phone systems

　　C．Cell phones in everyday life

　　D．Cell phones for teenagers

　　E．History of cell phones

　　F．Problems with cell phones

　　27．Nowadays cell phones are equipped with_______________

　　28．Cell phones are common in our lives and have become________________

　　29．We can use cell phones to communicate with others when we encounter_________________

　　30．In spite of many benefits，cell phones have brought for their owners_________________

　　A．a necessity．

　　B．an emergency．

　　C．a number of new headaches．

　　D．family arguments．

　　E．big and light palm-sized models．

　　F.countless new facilities

　　第4部分：阅读理解(第3l一45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

　　Arctic Melt

　　Earth's North and South Poles ale famous for being cold and icy．Last year，however，theamount of ice in the Arctic Ocean feU t0 a record low．

　　Normally，ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during thesummer．But for many years，the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining．

　　Since 1979，each decade has seen an 11．4 percent drop in end of summer ice cover．Between1981 and 2000，ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness，becoming 1．13 meters thinner．

　　Last summer，Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet．By the end of summer 2007，theice had shrunk to cover iust 4．2 million square kilometers．That's 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year．And it's a very large 23 percent below the previous record low，whichwas set just 2 years ago．This continuing trend has scientists concerned．

　　There may be several reasons for the ice melt，says Jinlun Zhang，an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle．Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer．Thewinds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic．leaving a large area of thin ice and open water．

　　Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past．Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean．The extra heat warnls both the water and the atmosphere．Inparts of the Arctic Ocean last year，surface temperatures were 3．5℃ warmer than average and 1．5℃warmer than the previous record high．

　　With both air and water getting warmer，the ice is melting from both above and below．In someDarts 0f the Beaufort Sea，north of Alaska and western Canada，ice that measured 3．3 meters thickat the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season's end．

　　The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by justlooking at ice cover from above，says Donald K．Perovich，a geophysicist at the U．S．Army ColdRegions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover，N．H．

　　Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover．

　　31．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word"build"in the first sentence of the second paragraph?

　　A．construct

　　B．extend

　　C．create

　　D．expand

　　32．What is the ice cover in the Arctic by the end of 2007 summer?

　　A．4．2 million square kilometers

　　B．11．4 million square kilometers

　　C．1．13 million square kilometers

　　D．38 million square kilometers

　　33．What are the reasons for the ice melting according to the scientists?

　　A．strong winds and clear skies

　　B．long summer and short winter

　　C．open water and thin ice

　　D．light clouds and light winds

　　34．Why is the ice melting from both above and below?

　　A．Because extra heat warms the air．

　　B．Because extra heat warms the water．

　　C．Because the temperature above the water is higher．

　　D. Rnth A and B．

　　35．What can be a possible title for the passage?

　　A．What are scientists looking for in the Arctic Ocean?

　　B．What are scientists doing in the Arctic Ocean?

　　C．Why are scientists worrying about the Arctic Ocean?

　　D．Why are scientists interested in the Arctic Ocean?

　　第二篇

　　Citizen Scientists

　　Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycleevent-flowering，the appearance of leaves，the first frog calls of the spring all around the world．

　　But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists，sometimes called citizen scientists，for help．

　　CIimate scientists are not present everywhere．Because there are so many places in the worldand not enough scientists to observe all of them，they're asking for your help in observing signs ofclimate change across the world．The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people too bserve a very specific research interest-birds，trees，flowers budding，etc．and send their observationsto a giant database to be observed by professional scientists．This helps a small number of scientiststrack a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own．Much like citizenjournalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat，citizen scientists are ready for theconditions where thev live． All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each weekto gather data and send it in．

　　A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network．"Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

　　One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year．The program，called Projeet BudBurst，collects life cycle da. ta on a variety of common plants from across the United States．People participating in the projectwhich is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website．

　　"People don't have to be plant experts，they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood，"says Jennifer Schwartz，an education consultant with the project．"As we collectthis data．we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．"

　　36．Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them__________________．

　　A．to provide their personal life cycles

　　B．to observe the life cycle of plants

　　C．to collect data of the life cycle of living things

　　D．to teach children knowledge about climate change

　　37．What are citizen scientists asked to do?

　　A．To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists．

　　B．To send their research observations to a professional database．

　　C．To increase their knowledge about climate change．

　　D．To keep a record of their research observations．

　　38．In"All that，s needed to become one…(paragraph2)"，what does the word"one"stands for?

　　A．a citizen journalist

　　B．a citizen scientist

　　C．a scientist

　　D．a citizen

　　39．What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?

　　A．Only experts can participate in it．

　　B．Everybody can participate in it．

　　C．It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants．

　　D．It has its own website．

　　40．What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?

　　A．To study when plants will have their first buds．

　　B．To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood．

　　C．To collect life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States．

　　D．To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．

　　第三篇

　　Rockets in the Sky

　　If someone asked you．"What color is the sky?"I expect that you would answer，"Blue．"I amafraid that you would be wrong．The sky has no color．When we see blue，we are looking at bluesunlight．The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air．

　　We know that there is air all around the world．We could not breathe without air．Airplanescoutd not fly without air．They need air to lift their wings．Airplanes cannot fly very high because asthey go higher the air gets thinner．If we go far enough away from the earth，we find there is no air. What is the sky?The sky is space．In this space there is nothing except the sun，the moon andall the stars．

　　Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other worlds in the space．They havelooked at them through telescopes and in this way they have found out a great deal．

　　The moon is about 384．000 kilometers away from the earth．An airplane cannot fly to the moonbut there is a thing that can fly even when there is no air．This is rocket．

　　I am sure that you are asking．"How does a rocket fly?"If you want to know，get a balloon andthen blow it up until it is quite big．Do not tie up the neck of the balloon．Let go!The balloon willfly off through the air very quickly．The air inside the balloon tries to get out．It rushes out through neck 0f the ballOOfl and this pushes the balloon through the air．It does not need wings like an air. plane．

　　This is how a rocket works．It is not made of rubber like a balloon，of course．It is made ofmetal．The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong．There is gas inside the rocket whichis made very hot．When it rushes out of the end of the rocket，the rocket is pushed up into the air．

　　Rockets can fly far out into space．Rockets with men inside them have already reached themoon．Several rockets，without men inside them，have been sent to other worlds much farther away．

　　One day rockets may be able to go anywhere in the space．

　　41．What color is the sky?

　　A．It iS blue． B．It iS white．

　　C．It is grey．D．It has no color．

　　42．When an airplane flies too high，___________.

　　A．the air will be too thin to support its wings．

　　B．the air will become thicker．

　　C．the air will exert pressure on it．

　　D．the air will disappear in no time．

　　4 3．A rocket can fly to the moon because__________

　　A．it looks like a balloon．

　　B．it is much lighter than an airplane．

　　C．it doesn't have wings．

　　D．it works like an untied balloon．

　　44．Which of the following statements about a rocket is NOT true?

　　A．It can fly when there is no air．

　　B．It can fly without wings．

　　C．It is made of strong metal．

　　D．It is propelled by burning gas inside it．

　　45．A rocket is pushed up into the air when__________

　　A．hot gas rushes out of its head．

　　B．it is powered by gas．

　　C．hot gas rushes out of its bottom．

　　D．hot gas rushes out of its neck．

　　第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分。共lO分)

　　下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

　　Houses of Future

　　What will houses be like in thirty years'time?No one really knows，but architects are trying topredict．________(46)．

　　Future houses will have to be flexible．In thirty years'time even more of us will be working fromhome．So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for livingfor the rest．Families grow and change with children arriving，growing up and leaving home． _________(47)，nothing will be as fixed as it is now．The house will always be changing to meetchanging needs．

　　Everyone agrees that in thirty yeasr's time we will be living in"intelligent"houses．We will beable to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do．Like this，"we'll be haying aparty this weekend．What food shall we cook?"_________(48)．We will be able to leave most ofthe cooking to the machines，just tasting things from time to time to check．

　　The house of the future will be personal-each house，__________(49)，you won't haye to paintthem-you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color!And if you don't like the color the next day． You will be able to have a new one．______(50)．

　　A．you will be able to change the color of the wall easily

　　B．the only thing you won't be able to do is moving the house soreewhere else

　　C．and the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how t0 cook it

　　D．what will our home be like

　　E．the house of the future will have to grow and change with the family

　　F．the kids might take their bedrooms with them as thev have

　　第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

　　下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

　　Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead

　　The color red often means danger and by paying attention，accidents can be prevented． In thefuture，the color red also may help__________(51)danger at construction sites．Thanks to new workby engineers，bridge supports or_________(52)kinds of materials could one dav contain a colorswitching material．It will turn red__________(53)a structure collapses or falls apart．

　　The secret_________(54)the color switching material is a particular type of molecule(分子)． A molecule is a group of atoms(原子)held together by chemical bonds．Molecules come (55)all shapes and sizes，and make up___________(56)．You can see，touch or feel．How a mole． cule behaves depends on___________(57)kinds of atoms it contains，and how thev're held together．

　　When a polymer(聚合物)containing a color switching molecule called a mechanophore(机械响应性聚合物)which is about to break，it produce a__________(58)．When a polymer withmechanophore molecules becomes"injured"or_______________(59)，one of the mechanophore bonds__________(60)and the material turns red．"It's a really simple detection method．"says NancySottos，one of the scientists who worked on the project． Sottos and her team tested the color switc． hing polymers in their lab．The test__________(61)proved encouraging．

　　There is a way to get rid of the color．light．When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore．

　　The broken bond is fixed and the red color____________(62)．This"self-healing"may be a Problemfor engineers．They need to use the color changer in big construction projects that will be

　　(63)in sunlight．And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warming system_________(64)． Sottos and her fellow scientists still have______________(65)work to do before．The color switc． hing molecules can be used outside the lab．

　　51．A．throw B．prevent C．create D．keep

　　52．A．other B．another C．the other D．others

　　53．A．until B．although C．after D．before

　　54．A．on B．behind C．under D．down

　　55．A．for B．in C．from D．at

　　56．A．nothing B．anyone C．someone D．everything

　　57．A．why B．how C．what D．where

　　58．A.color B．trouble C．what D．where

　　59．A．strong B．soff C．weak D．time

　　60．A．closes B．breaks C．increases D．bums

　　61．A．results B．rules C．tools D．methods

　　62．A．repairs B．controls C．finishes D．disappears

　　63．A．inside B．beside C．outside D．above

　　64．A．dangerous B．useless C．helpful D．important

　　65．A．a part of B．a type of C．a lot of D．a part of

　　2010年全国职称英语理工类（C级）考试参考答案

　　第1部分：词汇选项

　　1． B[解析]本句话的意思是公司有权在任何时候与他终止劳动关系。provide，offer：提供；continue：继续；只有stop和end同义，为终止、结束的意思。

　　2． D [解析]本句话的意思是在这个过程中，光能转化成热能。reduce，drop：减少； leave to：留给；只有claange同convert，意为转化。

　　3． A[解析]本句话的意思是她放弃了工作开始写诗。abantlon：主动放弃，同give up； lost：被动丢失，不符；take the job，搭配不当；create：创造，语意不通。

　　4． B [解析]本句话的意思是我们非常高兴地宣布今年的业绩辉煌。risky：有风险的； successful：成功的，同booming；failing：失败的；open：开放的。

　　5． C [解析]本句话的意思是我们一起渡过了艰难的时期。diffocult：艰难，同mugh； long：长时间的；happy：快乐的；short：短时间的。

　　6． D [解析]本句话的意思是小偷在离村子两英里的地方被抓住了。found：找到；killed：被杀；jailed：投进监狱；caught：抓住，同capturecl。

　　7． D[解析]本句话的意思是如果我留下来，未来有哪些晋升的机会呢?retirement：退休；advertisement：广告；replacement：替代；advancement：提升、晋升，同promotion。

　　8． A[解析]本句话的意思是我建议我们下一次会上讨论这个。demancl，order，request均意为强烈的要求；只有suggest意为建议、提议。

　　9． A [解析]本句话的意思是R0dman见Tony，希望能解决关于他合同上的纠纷。solve：解决，同settle；avoid：避免；mark：标记；involve：陷入，涉及。

　　10．A[解析]本句话的意思是你能给出一个具体的例子来支持你的观点么?specific：具体的，同concrete；real：真实的；special：特别的；goocl：好的。

　　11．B [解析]本句话的意思是这幅画太棒了，色彩和光影的运用特别巧妙。large：大； wonclerful：棒、好极了，同fascinating(梦幻的，很好的)；new：新的；famlliar：熟悉的。

　　12．D [解析]本句话的意思是，我们在社会问题的解决方法上已有了重大的改变。quick：快速；regulaur：寻常的；clear：清晰的；greal：重大的，伟大的，同marked(具有标志性意义的)。

　　13．D[解析]本句话的意思是当我看到电话账单时，我惊呆了。excited：激动；aJlgry：生气；lost：迷失了；surpEised：惊讶，同slIOCked(震惊，惊呆)。

　　14．A [解析]本句话的意思是警察取得指纹，确认了尸体的身份。recognize：确认，认出，同identity(确认)；missed：错过；discovered：发现；touch：触摸。

　　15．C[解析]本句话的意思是如果我们现在走，应该可以避免交通高峰。mix：混合； stop：停止；avoid;避免，同miss(错过，想念)．direct：指导。

　　第2部分：阅读判断

　　16．A[解析]文章第一段的倒数第三句就说到至少有七条地质断层穿越旧金山而过。

　　17．C[解析]文章虽然说旧金山大地震的破坏力非常之大，但是没有明确指出其程度是美国历史之最，所以是"not ment：ionecl"。

　　18．A[解析]文章中说到较大一点的地震其速度至少会超过3500米，而问题为旧金山大地震时断层滑动最快的速度可以到达多少，根据逻辑推断，应该是超过3500米，所以正确。

　　19．B [解析]文章第五段的第二句话就说到1906年前地震频繁，所以题干错误。

　　20．B [解析]虽然文章的五、六两段都阐述了科学家们做的积极准备，以及新建建筑物的牢固程度，但之后又话锋一转，说还有84％的老楼不够安全，而在最后一段，也提及人们的心态似乎比较放松，没有较多的忧患意识，因此来判断该题不正确。

　　21．C[解析]第五段的最后一句话说科学家们预测到62％地震发生的概率，但是这并不意味着科学家们就能预测出准确的时间，最后一段也说明这是个时间问题，而没有明确说明时间，所以该题选择没有提及。

　　22．A[解析]本题如上题，科学家们预测出了地震发生的概率为62％，同时最后一句话说只是时间问题，可见，大地震袭击旧金山是不可避免的。

　　参考译文

　　大地震要来了?

　　居住在旧金山的每个人都知道海湾地区易发生地震，并且它们可以是毁灭性的。例如在1906年，一场大地震摧毁了28，000幢建筑并夺去了成千上万人的性命。旧金山的居民们都在担心下一场这样的世纪大地震何时到来。这势必会发生，因为至少有七条活跃的地质断层线穿过旧金山。断层指的是地壳之间发生相互滑动的位置，当断层面滑动时，地震就发生了。

　　为了做好防范，科学家们采用了一些新技术再次分析1906年大地震，来预测下一场地震来时，会造成多大的破坏。

　　一个新的发现就是1906年大地震时，旧金山断层滑移的速度比科学家们原先预想的要快一些。发生小地震时，断层断裂的速度是每秒2700米。而大一点的地震，移动的速度可以超过每秒3500米。

　　如此之快的速度将产生巨大的压力，其所生成的地震波比地震本身的破坏力更为强大。而旧金山幸运的是，地震时压力脉冲的运行远离了城市，否则损失将更为巨大，尽管破坏已经够严重的了。

　　放眼未来，科学家们正在预测下一场地震何时会来。记录显示，在1096年前，地震就经常发生。1906年之后，地壳似乎安静了一些。但根据数据显示，在2032年之前，下一场大地震袭击海湾地区的可能性至少有62％。

　　现在，尽管旧金山新建的大楼为了预防地震建造得十分坚固、安全，但仍有84％的建筑物老、旧危险。分析数据显示，下一场大地震很可能会造成巨大的损失。

　　由于地壳运动渐渐平复，居住在旧金山的人们安全感渐长。但根据最新的研究，大地震终将发生，只是时间的问题。

　　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

　　23．E [解析]第一段开篇就说手机发明到现在几近四分之一个世纪，又对比了手机早期和近期在功能上的不同，可以想见是在叙述手机的历史。

　　24．C [解析]第二段讲手机在人们的生活中十分普及，许多人离不开手机，用于各个场合，因而意在说明手机存在于每个人的生活中。

　　25．A[解析]第三段例举了手机对于家人联系上的作用，有助于减少家庭的误会纠纷，有助于父母联系孩子，因而讲的是同家庭的关系。

　　26．F [解析]最后一段第一句就说明了该段要讲的是手机带来的问题，段中举了青少年的例子，因此D选项有一定的迷惑性，但是纵观全段，还是不局限于只描写青少年，因此选F。

　　27．F[解析]文中原文：flow tlaere are countless new facilities

　　28．A [解析]文中原文：cell plnones are tlseclin every area 0f our liyes ancIllave Ilecome anecessary tool

　　29．B [解析]文中原文：we can use cell phones to let our family know we'll be late or iftlaere's a sudden change of plan or an emergency

　　30．C [解析]文中原文：tlley have brought with tllem a number of new IleaclacIles for their owners

　　参考译文

　　手机

　　无论你信不信，手机的诞生到现在已经近四分之一个世纪了。1979年，日本研发了第一个商业手机系统，当然，现在的手机系统已经更新了好几代了。早期的手机又大又重，而现在它已经变得如巴掌般大小轻巧。且在功能上有了飞跃式的改进。呼叫转接、发短信、答录功能和免提功能，这些早已出现，但现在又有了数不尽的新功能，如即时上网和收发图片。

　　手机早已在人们的生活中普及，最新的数据显示世界每三个人中就有一个拥有手机，并且很多人说他们离不开手机。生活的各个方面都可能需要用到手机，它已成为一项必备的工具，用于社交和商业场合。如果你的车在高速公路上出现事故，手机能迅捷地为你呼叫帮助。当人们在"四处奔波"时，即旅游的时候，也能够保持联系。

　　手机使得人们的联系更为便捷并且在一定程度上减少了家人之间的争辩。当我们要迟到、临时变更计划或发生突发紧急事件时，我们可以及时通知家人。手机使得成千上万的父母放下心来，当他们的孩子外出晚归时，他们可以随时保持联系。

　　但这也并不意味着手机带来的都是好处。它同时也给主人带来了一系列麻烦事：如果你手机遭窃，那么再买一个的成本也不小，这恐怕也是家常便饭的事了。另外，你要为话费账单花很多钱。还有更为潜在的健康问题，人们担心手机的辐射可能会导致脑肿瘤。这对于那些由手机陪伴成长的青少年来说，无疑是一枚定时炸弹。

　　第4部分：阅读理解

　　第一篇

　　31．D [解析]本句话的译文为每年冬天北极附近的北冰洋开始结冰，build为结冰的意思，expanel有容积扩张的意思，所以与build相符；而construct为修筑、建筑的意思，所以不能选。

　　32．A [解析]原文为by the end of summer 2007，the ice had shrunk to cover just．4．2 million square kilometers．

　　33．A[解析]第五段的最后一句话和第六段的第一、二句话说明了科学家们推测冰川融化的原因，一为强风；二为较少的云，即clear skies。

　　34．D[解析]据第七段的第一句话with both air antl water getting warmer可知。

　　35．C [解析]本文讲述的科学家们担心气温上升、冰川融化，最后一句话体现了主旨，所以选C。

　　参考译文

　　北极冰山融化

　　地球的北极和南极都以冰冷闻名。但是，去年北冰洋上的冰含量跌到了历史最低点。

　　正常情况下，每年冬天北极附近的北冰洋开始结冰，并在夏天缩减。但是多年以来，夏天结束时冰的含量在下降。

　　自从1979年以来，每10年在夏季末的冰覆盖量都下降11．4％。在1981到2000年之间，北极冰的厚度下降了22％，变成了1．13米这么薄。

　　去年，北极的冰雪覆盖达到了最薄的程度。在2007年夏天快结束的时候，冰层已经缩减到只覆盖420万平方公里。这比往年的平均覆盖面积少38％，比2年前最低记录少23％。这个持续的趋势令科学家们万分担忧。

　　冰雪融化有许多原因，西雅图华盛顿大学的海洋学家张金伦说，有许多原因导致了冰层融化。极不寻常的强风去年刮过大西洋，把大西洋中部的冰吹散去，留下大面积的薄冰和没有冰覆盖的海面。

　　科学家们还怀疑在大西洋上空有跟过去相比越来越少的云层。晴朗的天空使更多的阳光照射大西洋。额外的热量使水和空气都变得温暖。去年大西洋的部分海域，表面温度比平均温度高3．5摄氏度，比历史最高点还高1．5摄氏度。

　　由于空气和水都变暖，冰从上面和下面都开始融化。在波弗特海的部分海域，阿拉斯加的北部和加拿大的西部，夏天开始时冰的厚度为3．3米，但到了季末仅仅为50厘米。

　　新的测量表明，情况远远比科学家们仅仅从表面上看到的严重得多。新罕布什尔州汉诺威市的地球物理学家Donald K．Perovich如是说。

　　一些科学家担心北极已经深陷变热的趋势不能恢复。

　　第二篇

　　36．C[解析]前文提到科学家们没有可能去观察每一个地方的气候变化现象，所以邀请普通人为他们观察、收集信息。

　　37．B [解析]根据"sentltlaeii'obseivations to a giant dataJbase t0 be obsetveclby professional scientists''可得知。

　　38．B [解析]根据后文"a few minutes each day 0r each week to gather data and sencIitin"，可见就是对citizen scientist的描述。

　　39．A[解析]文章全文都在说普通人参与科学研究的项目，因此，只有A选项不符合。其他选项都能在文中找出。

　　40．D [解析]问题为final purpose，所以选D，跳过C。

　　参考译文

　　公民科学家

　　理解大自然对气候变化有怎样的反应需要监视世界各个角落的关键的生命周期现象--花开、叶子的出现，第一只青蛙叫出春天的到来。但是生态学家不可能去到世界的各个角落，所以他们有时也向被称作公民科学家的非科学家求助。

　　气象科学家不可能足迹遍及天下。因为在世界上有如此多的地方，没有足够的科学家来观察它们。所以他们请求你来帮助观察全世界气候变化的迹象。公民科学家运动鼓励普通人根据自己的兴趣来观察某一个特定的方面，如鸟儿、树木、花蕾等等，并把他们的观察结果发送到一个巨大的数据库来供专业科学家研究。这有助于数量有限的科学家得到如果只靠他们自己根本收集不到的巨大数据。就像公民记者帮助报道传统新闻报道方式所忽略的小型社区的相关信息一样，公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。他们所需要做的就是每天或每周留出几分钟来搜集数据并发送过来。

　　一群科学家和教育家在去年发起了一个叫做"纽约国家"物候学组织。"物候学"就是科学家们所说的在自然中研究每个事件的时间。

　　其中一个小组的首要尝试就是依靠科学家和非科学家来收集关于每年植物开花和长叶子的数据。这一项目叫做花季追踪计划，它收集遍布美国的各种各样的植物生长周期的数据。参与这一项目的人们--这一计划对所有人开放--把他们的观察记录在花季追踪计划网站上。

　　"人们不需要植物学家--他们仅仅需要环视四周看看周围有什么"，Jennifer schwartz说，她是这项计划的教育顾问。"通过收集数据，我们就能够估算出气候变化对植物和生物群落会有怎样的影响。"

　　第三篇

　　41．D [解析]文章第一段第三句"The sky}las no color．"

　　42．A [解析]文章第二段第三句"Airplanes cannot fly very high beeause as they go higherthe air gets thinner．"

　　43．D [解析]文章第六段都在综述气球的飞行原理，来解释火箭的工作原理，因此选D。

　　44．D[解析]文章中第七段倒数第二句"There is gas inside the rocket which is macle veryhot．"但并没有说明是burning，所以不对。

　　45．C[解析]文章倒数第二段的最后一句话"Wllen it rushes out ofthe end of the rocket．"

　　参考译文

　　天空中的火箭

　　如果有人问你，天空是什么颜色?我想你一定会回答，蓝色。但遗憾的是，恐怕这个答案不对。天空其实是没有颜色的。我们肉眼所见到的蓝色，是因为我们看到的是蓝色的阳光。

　　这是由于阳光照射空气中的尘埃造成的。

　　我们知道，空气无处不在。没有空气，我们就不能呼吸。没有空气，飞机也不能飞行。因为它需要空气来抬升它的机翼。飞机无法飞得过高，因为越往上走，空气就越稀薄。如果我们离地球足够远，就会发现空气不存在了。

　　那么天空是什么呢?天空就是宇宙。在这个空间之中只有太阳、月亮和数不清的星星。

　　科学家们总是想探索更多的宇宙空间。他们已经从电子望远镜的镜头里知道了很多。

　　月亮离地球的距离有384，000公里。飞机飞不过月球，但有一样东西能在没有空气的情况下抵达，它就是火箭。

　　我相信你会问，火箭怎么飞呢?如果你想知道，那么就拿个气球，吹大它吧。当它足够大快要吹破时，不要绑气球的颈部，放飞它。你会看到，气球飞速地飞向空气之中。气球中的空气也迅速地逃出。正是空气的逃选，才使得气球飞向空中。所以它不像飞机那样需要翅膀。

　　这就是火箭工作的原理。当然它不是由橡胶，而是金属做成的，一种很轻但很坚固的金属。火箭中的燃气受热膨胀，从底部喷涌而出，从而推动火箭冲向天空。

　　火箭可飞出地球，前往广阔的宇宙。载人火箭已经抵达过月球。也有一些无人火箭已经飞向更遥远的太空。我们相信有一天，火箭将带我们到达宇宙中任何一个想去的地方。

　　第5部分：补全短文

　　46．D[解析]译文为我们未来的房子会是如何呢，刚好与第一段第一句相对应。

　　47．E[解析]译文为房子也会随着家庭的变化而变化，与前文中房子随着孩子的成长而变化想对应。

　　48．C[解析]译文为智能机器会告诉我们需买的食材和烹饪的方法，与文章中智能机器如何工作相符。

　　49．A[解析]译文为要改变墙体的颜色非常容易，与下文中改变墙体颜色相关。

　　50．B [解析]译文为也许唯一一件你不能改变的事就是把房子移到其他地方去而已，与上文中可以随心所欲做任何事相符。

　　参考译文

　　未来的房子

　　30年后的房子会是什么样的呢?没人真的知道，但建筑师们却猜想着。到那时，我们的房子会是什么样呢?

　　未来的房子应该是非常灵活的。将来的30年中，我们中会有更多的人在家工作。所以我们的房子要设计出用于白天工作的空间，其他的则要用于生活起居。而房子也随着孩子的降临、成长和离家有所变化。自然，房子也会随着家庭的变化而变化。没有什么事是像我们现在这样一成不变的，房子总在变化着来适应我们的需求。

　　每个人都认同未来我们将住进智能型房屋的观点。我们将有可能和厨房里的机器对话．探讨做什么饭。像这样，"我们这周末有一个聚会，做什么饭菜好呢?"而智能机器则会告诉我们需买的食材和烹饪的方法。我们只需把食材交给机器，然后时不时去尝下味道就好。

　　未来的房子将会相当的个性化。要改变墙体的颜色非常容易，你甚至都不用去粉刷它们，只要对墙说：变色!就搞定了!而且如果你第二天不爱这个颜色了，你马上又可以换新的。也许唯一一件你不能改变的事就是把房子移到其他地方去而已。

　　第6部分：完形填空

　　51．B [解析]原文中用also may help，说明应填与上文prevent相似的词句，throw投掷， create创造，keep保持，都与之不符，所以是prevent。

　　52．A[解析]bridge supports意为桥梁支柱，后用or连接，是指与桥梁支柱同样的事物，所以插入语部分应该指"其他建筑材料"。another后跟名词单数。the other使用时一般在前面有对比参照物。others本身就是指代名词，后不需要再有词语。other指代其他的，后可跟名词。

　　53．D [解析]本句意为当建筑物要倒塌时，它会变成红色。那么按照逻辑推理，应该是倒塌前变红色，才会起作用，所以before符合题意；although显然文不对题；until与after，逻辑不对。

　　54．B [解析]习惯用法，secret behind指什么东西背后的秘密；under也有底下的意思，但更多是强调地理空间上的；用于抽象事物，多用behind。

　　55．D [解析]come at shapes and sizes，习惯用法。

　　56．D[解析]本句的意思是分子本身形状不一，但构成了各种我们肉眼所看到的事物， make up，组成；you can see做前面宾语的补语。根据上下文文意，应选择eveiything。

　　57．C [解析]本句的译文为分子的行为取决于组合成分子的原子种类和他们的组合方式。所以kind前应加what。

　　58．A [解析]前文一直提示分子变色红色，所以在此情景下，选颜色是符合全文主题的。

　　59．C[解析]译文为当这个分子受伤和……时，所以应选择和injured相平行的词语，相比strong、soft、hard，weak脆弱，比较符合。

　　60．B[解析]前文为bond，意为联系，后文说到变红，说明不是在常态之下，那么联系是常态，联系断开才与红相对应，所以选break。

　　61．A[解析]本句意为其实验结果令人振奋。所以应选results。

　　62．D[解析]前文说断裂的联系从新凝合，那么红色相对应的，就应是消失、退去。

　　63．C[解析]后文有in sunlght，理解为材料暴露在太阳之下，选outside。

　　64．B [解析]前后文是转折关系，前面说到是问题，又有warning system的说法，应该是使之失效的意思，选useless。

　　65．C[解析]译文应该为在变色分子可用于实践之前，Sottos和她的团队还需要做很多的努力。所以选a lot of合适。

　　参考译文

　　看见红，危险近

　　红色总是意味着危险，需要你注意，才能避免事故。将来，红色也可以在建筑领域上起到规避危险的作用。多亏了工程师们的新发明，桥梁支柱或是其他的建筑材料，在未来可以加进一种变色的物质。在建筑物倒塌前会变成红色。

　　为什么材料会变色呢，那是因为其里面一种特殊的分子。分子是由一组原子通过化学键而构成的。分子的形状、大小各有不同，却组成了我们所看到、触摸到和感觉到的一切事物。分子的行为取决于组合成分子的原子种类和他们的组合方式。

　　当某种包含变色分子的聚合物(术语称之为机械响应性聚合物)要破裂时，会产生一中新颜色。当这种聚合物"受伤受挫"时，外在的材料就会变红。"这是一种很简单的跟踪方法"，研究项目的一位科学家Nancy sottos说。sottos和她的团队在实验室测试这种变色的聚合物。其实验结果令人振奋。

　　能消除这个红色的办法就是光。当一束强光打在聚合物上时，断裂的联系就重新凝合了，红色也渐渐消失了。但这种自我修复的功能恐怕对工程师来说是个难题。他们需要在暴露于阳光之下的大建设项目中使用换色器。而阳光则会破坏机械响应性聚合物的警报系统，使之无用武之地。

　　在变色分子这项技术之前，Sottos和她的团队还需要做很多的努力。