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美国计划提高汽车燃油能耗标准(US Orders Stricter Fuel Goals For Autos)
据知情人士透露，奥巴马政府计划要求汽车生产商在2016年前将在美销售汽车的燃油能耗标准提高至每加仑35.5英里，比目前联邦法律要求的提前了4年。
此举是为减少温室气体排放而广泛调整能耗标准的一部分，将加快政府强制性汽车升级换代的步伐──这是上世纪70年代末、80年代初美国首个联邦燃油能耗标准生效以来规模最大的一次。
一位政府高级官员周一晚间说，按照新的规定，更为节能的汽车在寿命期内可以节省18亿桶石油、减少9亿吨温室气体的排放，相当于减少1.77亿辆汽车或是关闭194家火电厂。到2016年前，如果新的规定如期生效，在美销售的新轿车必须满足每加仑39英里的平均标准，高于目前的每加仑27.5英里。轻型卡车则必须达到平均每加仑30英里，目前为每加仑23英里。
The Obama administration plans to order auto makers to increase the fuel economy of automobiles sold in the U.S. to 35.5 miles per gallon by 2016, four years faster than current federal law requires, people familiar with the matter said.
The move, part of a broader overhaul of fuel-economy rules aimed at cutting greenhouse-gas emissions, would accelerate the largest government-mandated transformation of vehicles on the American road since the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the first federal fuel-economy standards took effect.
A senior administration official said late Monday that the regulations would save 1.8 billion barrels of oil and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by 900 million metric tons over the lifetime of the more efficient vehicles, equivalent to taking 177 million cars off the road or shutting down 194 coal-fired power plants. By 2016, if the new rules take effect as planned, new passenger cars sold in the U.S. will have to meet an average mileage requirement of 39 mpg, up from 27.5 mpg currently. Light trucks would have to deliver an average of 30 mpg, compared with about 23 mpg today.
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